Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)
| Periodic table of electronegativity using the Pauling scale | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| → Atomic radius decreases → Ionization energy increases → Electronegativity increases → | |||||||||||||||||||
| Group → | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
| ↓ Period | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | H 2.20 |
He |
|||||||||||||||||
| 2 | Li 0.98 |
Be 1.57 |
B 2.04 |
C 2.55 |
N 3.04 |
O 3.44 |
F 3.98 |
Ne |
|||||||||||
| 3 | Na 0.93 |
Mg 1.31 |
Al 1.61 |
Si 1.90 |
P 2.19 |
S 2.58 |
Cl 3.16 |
Ar |
|||||||||||
| 4 | K 0.82 |
Ca 1.00 |
Sc 1.36 |
Ti 1.54 |
V 1.63 |
Cr 1.66 |
Mn 1.55 |
Fe 1.83 |
Co 1.88 |
Ni 1.91 |
Cu 1.90 |
Zn 1.65 |
Ga 1.81 |
Ge 2.01 |
As 2.18 |
Se 2.55 |
Br 2.96 |
Kr 3.00 |
|
| 5 | Rb 0.82 |
Sr 0.95 |
Y 1.22 |
Zr 1.33 |
Nb 1.6 |
Mo 2.16 |
Tc 1.9 |
Ru 2.2 |
Rh 2.28 |
Pd 2.20 |
Ag 1.93 |
Cd 1.69 |
In 1.78 |
Sn 1.96 |
Sb 2.05 |
Te 2.1 |
I 2.66 |
Xe 2.60 |
|
| 6 | Cs 0.79 |
Ba 0.89 |
* |
Hf 1.3 |
Ta 1.5 |
W 2.36 |
Re 1.9 |
Os 2.2 |
Ir 2.20 |
Pt 2.28 |
Au 2.54 |
Hg 2.00 |
Tl 1.62 |
Pb 2.33 |
Bi 2.02 |
Po 2.0 |
At 2.2 |
Rn 2.2 |
|
| 7 | Fr 0.7 |
Ra 0.9 |
** |
Rf |
Db |
Sg |
Bh |
Hs |
Mt |
Ds |
Rg |
Cn |
Uut |
Fl |
Uup |
Lv |
Uus |
Uuo |
|
| * Lanthanoids | La 1.1 |
Ce 1.12 |
Pr 1.13 |
Nd 1.14 |
Pm 1.13 |
Sm 1.17 |
Eu 1.2 |
Gd 1.2 |
Tb 1.1 |
Dy 1.22 |
Ho 1.23 |
Er 1.24 |
Tm 1.25 |
Yb 1.1 |
Lu 1.27 |
||||
| ** Actinoids | Ac 1.1 |
Th 1.3 |
Pa 1.5 |
U 1.38 |
Np 1.36 |
Pu 1.28 |
Am 1.13 |
Cm 1.28 |
Bk 1.3 |
Cf 1.3 |
Es 1.3 |
Fm 1.3 |
Md 1.3 |
No 1.3 |
Lr 1.3 |
||||
| See also: Electronegativities of the elements (data page) | |||||||||||||||||||
| number | symbol | name | use | WEL | CRC | LNG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | hydrogen | 2.20 | same | ||
| 2 | He | helium | no data | same | ||
| 3 | Li | lithium | 0.98 | same | ||
| 4 | Be | beryllium | 1.57 | same | ||
| 5 | B | boron | 2.04 | same | ||
| 6 | C | carbon | 2.55 | same | ||
| 7 | N | nitrogen | 3.04 | same | ||
| 8 | O | oxygen | 3.44 | same | ||
| 9 | F | fluorine | 3.98 | 3.98 | 3.98 | 3.90 |
| 10 | Ne | neon | no data | same | ||
| 11 | Na | sodium | 0.93 | same | ||
| 12 | Mg | magnesium | 1.31 | same | ||
| 13 | Al | aluminium | 1.61 | same | ||
| 14 | Si | silicon | 1.90 | same | ||
| 15 | P | phosphorus | 2.19 | same | ||
| 16 | S | sulfur | 2.58 | same | ||
| 17 | Cl | chlorine | 3.16 | same | ||
| 18 | Ar | argon | no data | same | ||
| 19 | K | potassium | 0.82 | same | ||
| 20 | Ca | calcium | 1.00 | same | ||
| 21 | Sc | scandium | 1.36 | same | ||
| 22 | Ti | titanium | 1.54 | same | ||
| 23 | V | vanadium | 1.63 | same | ||
| 24 | Cr | chromium | 1.66 | same | ||
| 25 | Mn | manganese | 1.55 | same | ||
| 26 | Fe | iron | 1.83 | same | ||
| 27 | Co | cobalt | 1.88 | same | ||
| 28 | Ni | nickel | 1.91 | same | ||
| 29 | Cu | copper | 1.90 | same | ||
| 30 | Zn | zinc | 1.65 | same | ||
| 31 | Ga | gallium | 1.81 | same | ||
| 32 | Ge | germanium | 2.01 | same | ||
| 33 | As | arsenic | 2.18 | same | ||
| 34 | Se | selenium | 2.55 | same | ||
| 35 | Br | bromine | 2.96 | same | ||
| 36 | Kr | krypton | 3.00 | 3.00 | no data | no data |
| 37 | Rb | rubidium | 0.82 | same | ||
| 38 | Sr | strontium | 0.95 | same | ||
| 39 | Y | yttrium | 1.22 | same | ||
| 40 | Zr | zirconium | 1.33 | same | ||
| 41 | Nb | niobium | 1.6 | same | ||
| 42 | Mo | molybdenum | 2.16 | same | ||
| 43 | Tc | technetium | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.10 | 2.10 |
| 44 | Ru | ruthenium | 2.2 | same | ||
| 45 | Rh | rhodium | 2.28 | same | ||
| 46 | Pd | palladium | 2.20 | same | ||
| 47 | Ag | silver | 1.93 | same | ||
| 48 | Cd | cadmium | 1.69 | same | ||
| 49 | In | indium | 1.78 | same | ||
| 50 | Sn | tin | 1.96 | same | ||
| 51 | Sb | antimony | 2.05 | same | ||
| 52 | Te | tellurium | 2.1 | same | ||
| 53 | I | iodine | 2.66 | same | ||
| 54 | Xe | xenon | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.60 | no data |
| 55 | Cs | caesium | 0.79 | same | ||
| 56 | Ba | barium | 0.89 | same | ||
| 57 | La | lanthanum | 1.10 | same | ||
| 58 | Ce | cerium | 1.12 | same | ||
| 59 | Pr | praseodymium | 1.13 | same | ||
| 60 | Nd | neodymium | 1.14 | same | ||
| 61 | Pm | promethium | no data | same | ||
| 62 | Sm | samarium | 1.17 | same | ||
| 63 | Eu | europium | no data | same | ||
| 64 | Gd | gadolinium | 1.20 | same | ||
| 65 | Tb | terbium | no data | same | ||
| 66 | Dy | dysprosium | 1.22 | same | ||
| 67 | Ho | holmium | 1.23 | same | ||
| 68 | Er | erbium | 1.24 | same | ||
| 69 | Tm | thulium | 1.25 | same | ||
| 70 | Yb | ytterbium | no data | same | ||
| 71 | Lu | lutetium | 1.27 | 1.27 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 72 | Hf | hafnium | 1.3 | same | ||
| 73 | Ta | tantalum | 1.5 | same | ||
| 74 | W | tungsten | 2.36 | 2.36 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| 75 | Re | rhenium | 1.9 | same | ||
| 76 | Os | osmium | 2.2 | same | ||
| 77 | Ir | iridium | 2.20 | 2.20 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| 78 | Pt | platinum | 2.28 | 2.28 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| 79 | Au | gold | 2.54 | 2.54 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| 80 | Hg | mercury | 2.00 | 2.00 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| 81 | Tl | thallium | 1.62 | 1.62 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
| 82 | Pb | lead | 2.33 | 2.33 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
| 83 | Bi | bismuth | 2.02 | 2.02 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| 84 | Po | polonium | 2.0 | same | ||
| 85 | At | astatine | 2.2 | same | ||
| 86 | Rn | radon | no data | same | ||
| 87 | Fr | francium | 0.7 | same | ||
| 88 | Ra | radium | 0.9 | same | ||
| 89 | Ac | actinium | 1.1 | same | ||
| 90 | Th | thorium | 1.3 | same | ||
| 91 | Pa | protactinium | 1.5 | same | ||
| 92 | U | uranium | 1.38 | 1.38 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| 93 | Np | neptunium | 1.36 | 1.36 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| 94 | Pu | plutonium | 1.28 | 1.28 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| 95 | Am | americium | 1.3 | 1.3 | no data | 1.3 |
| 96 | Cm | curium | 1.3 | 1.3 | no data | 1.3 |
| 97 | Bk | berkelium | 1.3 | 1.3 | no data | 1.3 |
| 98 | Cf | californium | 1.3 | 1.3 | no data | 1.3 |
| 99 | Es | einsteinium | 1.3 | 1.3 | no data | 1.3 |
| 100 | Fm | fermium | 1.3 | 1.3 | no data | 1.3 |
| 101 | Md | mendelevium | 1.3 | 1.3 | no data | 1.3 |
| 102 | No | nobelium | 1.3 | 1.3 | no data | 1.3 |
Read more about this topic: Electronegativities Of The Elements (data Page)