S
| Country | Head of state | Parliament/Legislature | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower house | Upper house | |||
| Saint Helena | Direct election | |||
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Monarchy | Direct election and appointments | ||
| Saint Lucia | Monarchy | Direct election | Appointments | |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | Direct election | |||
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Monarchy | Direct election and appointments | ||
| Samoa | Election by parliament | Direct election | ||
| San Marino | Election by parliament | Direct election | ||
| São Tomé and Príncipe | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Saudi Arabia | Monarchy | Appointments | ||
| Scotland | Direct election | |||
| Senegal | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Serbia | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Seychelles | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Sierra Leone | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Singapore | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Slovakia | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Slovenia | Direct election | Direct election | Representation of interest groups | |
| Solomon Islands | Monarchy | Direct election | ||
| Somalia | Transition | Transition | ||
| Somaliland | Direct election | Direct election | Traditional leaders | |
| South Africa | Election by parliament | Direct election | Indirect election | |
| South Sudan | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Spain | Monarchy | Direct election | Direct and indirect election | |
| Sri Lanka | Direct election | Direct election | ||
| Sudan | Direct election | Appointments due to transition | Indirect election | |
| Suriname | Election by electoral college | Direct election | ||
| Swaziland | Monarchy | Elected by traditional local councils and appointments | Elected by lower house and appointments | |
| Sweden | Monarchy | Direct election | ||
| Switzerland | Election by parliament | Direct election | Direct election | |
| Syria | Approval by referendum | Direct election | ||
Read more about this topic: Elections By Country