Republic of Texas
In 1839, Moore was accused of recruiting officers and up to eighty sailors from the Boston to join him in enlisting with the Republic of Texas Navy. Moore's cousin, Alexander Moore, confirmed this rumor to Commodore Charles Ridgley who forwarded the charges to the Secretary of the Navy. On 8 July 1839 Moore resigned from the U.S. Navy to become commander of the Republic of Texas Navy.
U.S. Secretary of the Navy, John Forsyth tried to bring charges against Moore based on his violation of the Neutrality Act of 1819, but Moore resigned his commission before any trial was held.
From 1840-1841 he sailed off the Mexican coast to hasten peace negotiations between the Republic of Texas and Mexico. On collapse of the negotiations, Moore returned to Texas and to the support of Texas president Mirabeau B. Lamar. President Lamar signed a treaty with the Mexican state of Yucatán for the lease of the Texas navy for $8,000 per month and to protect their ports from being blockaded by the Mexican Navy. On 18 September 1841, Moore received orders to guard the Yucatán coast in conformity with the Texas-Yucatán Treaty and on 13 December 1841 left Galveston, Texas with three ships to join the small Yucatán fleet at Sisal, Mexico under the command of former Texas Navy officer Captain James D. Boylan. Moore later captured the town of San Juan Bautista and then surveyed the Texas coast. His chart was later published by the Admiralty in Britain.
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