Education in West Bengal is provided by both the public sector as well as the private sector. The modern education system was developed by the British missionaries and the Indian social reformists. West Bengal has many reputed institutes of higher education like - Indian Institute of Management Calcutta (the first IIM), Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (the first IIT), Bengal Engineering and Science University (2nd oldest engineering institution in India), Jadavpur University, Presidency College, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Indian Statistical Institute and Visva-Bharati University.
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