Echolocation may refer to:
- Acoustic location, the general use of sound to locate objects
- Animal echolocation, non-human animals emitting sound waves and listening to the echo in order to locate objects or navigate
- Human echolocation, the use of sound by people to navigate
- Sonar (sound navigation and ranging), the use of sound to navigate or to locate other watercraft, usually by submarines
- Echo sounding, listening to the echo of sound pulses to measure the distance to the bottom of the sea, a special case of Sonar
- Medical ultrasonography, the use of ultrasound echos to look inside the body
- Echolocation (album), a 2001 album by Fruit Bats