Origins of The Conflict
During the Russian conquest of the Caucasus, part of the Ingush territory was colonized by Ossetians and Russians. Russian General Evdokimov and Ossetian colonel Kundukhov in Opis No. 436 "gladly reported", that the result of colonization of Ingush land was successful:
The Ingush village Ghazhien-Yurt was renamed Stanitsa Assinovskaya in 1847,
The Ingush village Ebarg-Yurt was renamed Stanitsa Troitskaya in 1847,
The Ingush town Dibir-Ghala was renamed Stanitsa Sleptsovskaya in 1847,
The Ingush village Magomet-Khite was renamed Stanitsa Voznesenskaya in 1847,
The Ingush village Akhi-Yurt was renamed Stanitsa Sunzhenskaya in 1859,
The Ingush village Ongusht was renamed Stanitsa Tarskaya in 1859,
The Ingush town Ildir-Ghala was renamed Stanitsa Karabulakskaya in 1859,
The Ingush village Alkhaste was renamed Stanitsa Feldmarshalskaya in 1860,
The Ingush village Tauzen-Yurt was renamed Stanitsa Vorontsov-Dashkov in 1861,
The Ingush village Sholkhi was renamed Khutor Tarski in 1867.
The Russians also built the fortress Vladikavkaz (meaning: "Ruler of the Caucasus") on the former location of the Ingush village of Zaur.
In 1924 the Ingush Autonomous Oblast was created. It included the part of Prigorodny district and part of Vladikavkaz, populated mainly by ethnic Ingush. In 1934, by a Soviet decree, the Ingush Autonomous Republic was merged with Chechen Autonomous Oblast, allocating the Vladikavkaz territories of the Ingush to the newly created North Ossetia, leaving the Prigorodny district under the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Republic.
In 1944, near the end of World War II, the Ingush and the Chechen peoples were accused of collaborating with the Nazis, and by order of Joseph Stalin, the whole population of Ingush and Chechens were deported to Central Asia and Siberia. Soon after, the depopulated Prigorodny district was transferred to North Ossetia.
In 1957, the repressed Ingush and Chechens were allowed to return to their native land and the Chechen-Ingush Republic was restored, with the Prigorodny district kept under the control of North Ossetia. Soviet authorities attempted to prevent Ingush from returning to their territory in Prigorodny district; however, Ingush families managed to move in, purchase houses back from the Ossetians and resettled the district in greater numbers. This gave rise to the idea of "restoring historical justice" and "returning native lands", among the Ingush population and intelligentsia, which contributed to the already existing tensions between ethnic Ossetians and Ingush. Between 1973 and 1980 the Ingush voiced their demands for the reunification of the Prigorodny district with Ingushetia by staging various protests and meetings in Grozny.
The tensions increased in early 1991, during the collapse of the Soviet Union, when the Ingush openly declared their rights to the Prigorodny district according to the Soviet law adopted by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on April 26, 1991; in particular, the third and the sixth article on "territorial rehabilitation." The law gave the Ingush legal grounds for their demands, which caused serious turbulence in a region in which many people had free access to weapons, resulting in an armed conflict between ethnic Ingush population of the Prigorodny district and Ossetian armed militias from Vladikavkaz.
Read more about this topic: East Prigorodny Conflict
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