List of Domesticated Animals
| Species and subspecies | Wild ancestor | Date | Location of origin | Purpose | Image | Degree and type of domestication | Extent in wild vs captivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dog (Canis lupus familiaris) | Gray wolf (Canis lupus) | between 30,000 BC and 15,000 BC | Eurasia | Meat, pelt, pets, show, hunting, draft, research, religions, racing, transportation, working, rescuing, guiding, servicing, herding, guarding, shepherding, pest control | tame; significant physical and behavioral changes | Very common in captivity, wild relatives are much less common | |
| Sheep (Ovis aries) | Mouflon (Ovis orientalis) | between 11,000 BC and 9000 BC | Southwest Asia | fibre, meat, milk, leather, pelt, vellum, pets, show, racing, religions, research, guarding, fighting, ornamental | Some physical changes | Common in captivity, threatened in the wild | |
| Domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) | Wild boar (Sus scrofa) | 9000 BC | Near East, China | meat, leather, research, show, racing, fighting, working, pets | Some physical changes | ||
| Domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) | Wild goat (Capra aegagrus) | 8000 BC | Iran | milk, meat, fibre, working, skin, hair, show, racing, religions, fighting, cleaning, pets | Slight physical changes | Common in captivity, threatened in wild, feral goats common | |
| Cattle (Bos primigenius taurus) | Aurochs (Bos primigenius) (extinct) | 8000 BC | Europe, Asia and North Africa | meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, pets, religions | Some physical changes | Common in captivity, wild relatives extinct | |
| Zebu (Bos primigenius indicus) | Aurochs (Bos primigenius) (extinct) | 8000 BC | India | meat, milk, leather, hides, working, plowing, draft, vellum, blood, transportation, soil fertilization, fighting, show, racing, religions | Considerable physical changes | Wild relatives extinct | |
| Cat (Felis catus) | Wildcat (Felis silvestris) | 7500 BC | Near East | pest control, pets, show, pelt, meat, research | tame, some physical changes | Very abundant in captivity, true wildcats less abundant. Feral populations very common. | |
| Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) | Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus) | 6000 BC | India and Southeast Asia | meat, eggs, feathers, leather, show, racing, ornamental, fighting, pets | Some physical changes | ||
| Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | Montane Guinea Pig (Cavia tschudii) | 5000 BC | Peru | meat, pets, show, racing, research | Tame, slight physical changes | ||
| Donkey (Equus africanus asinus) | African wild ass (Equus africanus) | 5000 BC | Egypt | transportation, working, plowing, draft, mount, meat, milk, pets, racing, guarding | Slight physical changes | ||
| Domesticated duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) | Mallard duck (Anas platyrhnchos) | 4000 BC | China | meat, fat, foie gras, feathers and down, blood, eggs, pets, show, racing, ornamental | Considerable physical changes | ||
| Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) | Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) | 4000 BC | India, China | working, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, meat, show, racing, milk | Mainly unchanged from wild animal | ||
| Horse (Equus ferus caballus) | Wild horse (Equus ferus) | 4000 BC | Eurasian Steppes | meat, transportation, working, guiding, servicing, hunting, execution, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, show, weddings, racing, religions, milk, pets | Tame, some physical changes mainly in coloration | Common in captivity, very rare in wild | |
| Domesticated Silkmoth (Bombyx mori) | Wild Silkmoth (Bombyx mandarina) | 3000 BC | China | silk, food, pets, meat | Unchanged from wild population | ||
| Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia domestica) | Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) | 3000 BC | Mediterranean Basin | show, weddings, messenger, meat, racing, pets | Artificially selected into many varieties, including meat breeds, racing/messenger breeds, and fancy plumage breeds | ||
| Domestic goose (Anser anser domesticus) | Greylag Goose (Anser anser) | 3000 BC | Egypt | meat, fat, foie gras, feathers and down, eggs, show, guarding, pets | Considerable physical changes | ||
| Llama (Lama glama) | Guanaco (Lama guanicoe) | 2400 BC | Peru | transportation, working, draft, mount, meat, show, weddings, racing, pets, guarding | Slight physical changes | ||
| Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) | Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) | 2400 BC | Peru | milk, transportation, fibre, meat, show, pets, guarding | Considerable physical changes | ||
| Domesticated guineafowl (Numida meleagris) | Helmeted Guineafowl (Numida melegris) | 2400 BC | Africa | meat, eggs, pest control, show, alarming, pets | Mainly unaltered from wild population | ||
| Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) | European polecat (Mustela putorius) | 1500 BC | Europe | hunting, pest control, show, racing, pets | Tame, slight physical changes | ||
| Ringneck dove (Streptopelia risoria) | African Collared Dove (streptopelia roseogrisea) | 500 BC | North Africa | show, pets | Slight physical changes | ||
| Bali cattle (Bos javanicus domestica) | Banteng (Bos javanicus) | Unknown | Southeast Asia, Java | meat, milk, show, racing, working, plowing, draft | Slight physical changes | ||
| Gayal (Bos frontalis) | Gaur (Bos gaurus) | Unknown | Southeast Asia | meat | Slight physical changes | ||
| Domesticated turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) | Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) | 180 | Mexico, United States | meat, feathers, eggs, show, pets | Considerable physical changes | ||
| Goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) | Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) | 300–400 | China | pets, show, racing, ornamental | Tame/held captive, significant physical changes | ||
| Domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) | European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) | 600 | Europe | meat, pelt, fibre, pets, show, racing, research | Tame, significant physical changes | ||
| Domestic Canary (Serinus canaria domestica) | Atlantic Canary (Serinus canaria) | 15th century | Canary Islands, Europe | pets, research, show, mining, fighting | Slight physical changes | ||
| Carabao (Bubalus bubalis carabenesis) | Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) | 17th century | Philippines | working, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, meat, milk, show, racing | Few changes from wild population | ||
| Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) | Unknown species of the genus Betta | 19th century | Thailand | fighting, pets | Tame/held captive, very significant physical and slight behavioral changes | ||
| Koi (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) | Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | 1820s | Japan | ornamental, show, pets | Tame/held captive, considerable physical changes | ||
| Domesticated silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) | Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) | 1950s | Soviet Union, Russia | pelt, research, pets | Tame, some physical changes | Very small domestic population, wild relatives fairly common | |
| Domesticated hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) | Four-toed Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) | 1980s | Central and Eastern Africa | pets | Slight physical changes | ||
| Society Finch (Lonchura striata domestica) | White-rumped Munia (Lonchura striata) | date uncertain | Japan | pets, research | Slight physical changes | ||
| Yak (Bos grunniens) | Wild Yak (Bos mutus) | 2500 BC | Tibet | milk, transportation, working, plowing, mount, racing, fighting, meat, fibre | Slight physical changes | ||
| Fancy rat and Lab rat | Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) | 1800s | UK | pets, research, show | Tame, some physical and psychological changes | Common in captivity and in the wild | |
| Domesticated Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius) | Wild Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius) | 4000 BC | Arabia | transportation, working, hunting, plowing, draft, mount, show, weddings, racing, religions, fighting, milk, meat | Tame, few physical changes | Moderately common in captivity, small feral population, true wild dromedaries may be extinct | |
| Domesticated Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) | Wild Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) | 2500 BC | Central Asia | milk, transportation, working, hunting, plowing, draft, mount, fighting, show, weddings, racing, religions, meat, hair | Tame, few physical changes | Moderately common in captivity, critically endangered in the wild | |
| Guppy (Poecilia reticulata some strains) | Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) | Unknown | Barbados, Brazil, Guyana | pets | Held/tame in captivity, significant physical changes | ||
| Fancy mouse | House mouse (Mus musculus) | 1100 BC | China | pets, research, racing, food | Tame, significant physical changes | Common in captivity and in the wild |
Read more about this topic: Domesticated Birds
Famous quotes containing the words list of, list, domesticated and/or animals:
“Shea—they call him Scholar Jack—
Went down the list of the dead.
Officers, seamen, gunners, marines,
The crews of the gig and yawl,
The bearded man and the lad in his teens,
Carpenters, coal-passers—all.”
—Joseph I. C. Clarke (1846–1925)
“A man’s interest in a single bluebird is worth more than a complete but dry list of the fauna and flora of a town.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“Then we grow up to be Daddy. Domesticated men with undomesticated, frontier dreams. Suddenly life—or is it the children?—is not as cooperative as it ought to be. It’s tough to be in command of anything when a baby is crying or a ten-year-old is in despair. It’s tough to feel a sense of control when you’ve got to stop six times during the half-hour ride to Grandma’s.”
—Hugh O’Neill (20th century)
“The greatness of man is so evident that it is even proved by his wretchedness. For what in animals is nature, we call in man wretchedness—by which we recognize that, his nature being now like that of animals, he has fallen from a better nature which once was his.”
—Blaise Pascal (1623–1662)