Production
A number of possible routes can be used to prepare crystal violet. The original procedure developed by Kern and Caro involved the reaction of dimethylaniline with phosgene to give 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone (Michler's ketone) as an intermediate. This was then reacted with additional dimethylaniline in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride and hydrochloric acid.
The dye can also be prepared by the condensation of formaldehyde and dimethylaniline to give a leuco dye:
- CH2O + 3 C6H5N(CH3)2 → CH(C6H4N(CH3)2)3 + H2O
Second, this colourless compound is oxidized to the coloured cationic form: (A typical oxidizing agent is manganese dioxide).
- CH(C6H4N(CH3)2)3 + HCl + 1/2 O2 → Cl + H2O
Read more about this topic: Crystal Violet
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“The problem of culture is seldom grasped correctly. The goal of a culture is not the greatest possible happiness of a people, nor is it the unhindered development of all their talents; instead, culture shows itself in the correct proportion of these developments. Its aim points beyond earthly happiness: the production of great works is the aim of culture.”
—Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900)
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—George Bluestone, U.S. educator, critic. “The Limits of the Novel and the Limits of the Film,” Novels Into Film, Johns Hopkins Press (1957)