Azacrowns
21- and 18-membered diazacrown ether derivatives exhibit excellent calcium and magnesium selectivities and are widely used in ion-selective electrodes. Some or all of the oxygen atoms in crown ethers can be replaced by nitrogens to form cryptands. A well-known tetrazacrown is cyclen in which there are no oxygens.
Lariat crown ethers have sidearms that can augment complexation of cation. The lariat is typically attached to an amine centre in an azacrown.
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