Flow Rate Calculation
The flux or flow rate in cross-flow filtration systems is given by the equation:
in which:
- : liquid flux
- : transmembrane pressure (should also include effects of osmotic pressure for reverse osmosis membranes)
- : Resistance of the membrane (related to overall porosity)
- : Resistance of the cake (variable; related to membrane fouling)
- : liquid viscosity
Note: and include the inverse of the membrane surface area in their derivation; thus, flux increases with increasing membrane area.
Read more about this topic: Cross-flow Filtration
Famous quotes containing the words flow, rate and/or calculation:
“The method of painting is the natural growth out of a need. I want to express my feelings rather than illustrate them. Technique is just a means of arriving at a statement.... I can control the flow of paint: there is no accident, just as there is no beginning and no end.”
—Jackson Pollock (1912–1956)
“As a novelist, I cannot occupy myself with “characters,” or at any rate central ones, who lack panache, in one or another sense, who would be incapable of a major action or a major passion, or who have not a touch of the ambiguity, the ultimate unaccountability, the enlarging mistiness of persons “in history.” History, as more austerely I now know it, is not romantic. But I am.”
—Elizabeth Bowen (1899–1973)
“Common sense is the measure of the possible; it is composed of experience and prevision; it is calculation appled to life.”
—Henri-Frédéric Amiel (1821–1881)