Electron Work Functions of Elements
Note: The work function can change for crystalline elements based upon the surface orientation. For example Ag:4.26, Ag(100):4.64, Ag(110):4.52, Ag(111):4.74. This is due to differences in the surface dipole of the different crystal faces. Ranges for typical surfaces are shown in the table below.
| Element | eV | Element | eV | Element | eV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ag | 4.52 – 4.74 | Al | 4.06 – 4.26 | As | 3.75 |
| Au | 5.1 – 5.47 | B | ~4.45 | Ba | 2.52 – 2.7 |
| Be | 4.98 | Bi | 4.31 | C | ~5 |
| Ca | 2.87 | Cd | 4.08 | Ce | 2.9 |
| Co | 5 | Cr | 4.5 | Cs | 2.14 |
| Cu | 4.53 – 5.10 | Eu | 2.5 | Fe: | 4.67 – 4.81 |
| Ga | 4.32 | Gd | 2.90 | Hf | 3.9 |
| Hg | 4.475 | In | 4.09 | Ir | 5.00 – 5.67 |
| K | 2.29 | La | 3.5 | Li | 2.3 |
| Lu | ~3.3 | Mg | 3.66 | Mn | 4.1 |
| Mo | 4.36 – 4.95 | Na | 2.36 | Nb | 3.95 – 4.87 |
| Nd | 3.2 | Ni | 5.04 – 5.35 | Os | 5.93 |
| Pb | 4.25 | Pd | 5.22 – 5.6 | Pt | 5.12 – 5.93 |
| Rb | 2.261 | Re | 4.72 | Rh | 4.98 |
| Ru | 4.71 | Sb | 4.55 – 4.7 | Sc | 3.5 |
| Se | 5.9 | Si | 4.60 – 4.85 | Sm | 2.7 |
| Sn | 4.42 | Sr | ~2.59 | Ta | 4.00 – 4.80 |
| Tb | 3.00 | Te | 4.95 | Th | 3.4 |
| Ti | 4.33 | Tl | ~3.84 | U | 3.63 – 3.90 |
| V | 4.3 | W | 4.32 – 5.22 | Y | 3.1 |
| Yb | 2.60 | Zn | 3.63 – 4.9 | Zr | 4.05 |
Read more about this topic: Critical Absorption Energy
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