Mechanism
Concrete pump designers face many challenges, because concrete is heavy, viscous, abrasive, contains pieces of hard rock, and solidifies, if not kept moving.
Usually, piston pumps are used, because they can produce hundreds of atmospheres of pressure. Such piston-style pumps can push cylinders of heterogenous concrete mixes (aggregate plus cement).
The pump on the left uses a transfer tube valve, and the one on the right uses seat valves.
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