Formal Definition
The unit circle S1 in R2 can be parameterized by an angle coordinate:
In another copy of R2, take another copy of the unit circle
Then the Clifford torus is
Since each copy of S1 is an embedded submanifold of R2, the Clifford torus is an embedded torus in R2 × R2 = R4.
If R4 is given by coordinates (x1, y1, x2, y2), then the Clifford torus is given by
Read more about this topic: Clifford Torus
Famous quotes containing the words formal and/or definition:
“The spiritual kinship between Lincoln and Whitman was founded upon their Americanism, their essential Westernism. Whitman had grown up without much formal education; Lincoln had scarcely any education. One had become the notable poet of the day; one the orator of the Gettsyburg Address. It was inevitable that Whitman as a poet should turn with a feeling of kinship to Lincoln, and even without any association or contact feel that Lincoln was his.”
—Edgar Lee Masters (1869–1950)
“Scientific method is the way to truth, but it affords, even in
principle, no unique definition of truth. Any so-called pragmatic
definition of truth is doomed to failure equally.”
—Willard Van Orman Quine (b. 1908)