Citation Signal - Infra

Infra (Bluebook Rule 3.5)

  • Use Infra to refer to discussion or footnote content after the current footnote or text.
  • Always combine Infra with note, part, p., or pp. to refer to footnotes, parts, or pages within the same piece.
  • May combine Infra with signals
  • Do not use Infra for citations to authority.
  • Infra references (lower numbers before higher numbers);

Example: Nevertheless, the cases holding that the server's behavior constitutes "distribution" seem justifiable. See infra note 76 and accompanying text.

  • Infra usually follows a signal.
  • The signal and infra are italicized, but the rest of the text is not.
  • Infra may also follow text after a signal, as appropriate.
  • Anything other than infra or the signal would appear in ordinary type.

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