Church of Caucasian Albania

The Albanian Apostolic Church or the Church of Caucasian Albania was an ancient independent autocephalous church. It later fell under the religious jurisdiction of the Armenian Apostolic Church that existed from the 5th century to 1830 and was centered in Caucasian Albania, a region mostly located in present day Azerbaijan. It was one of the earliest national Christian churches.

In the early 8th century, the church tried to break away from the Armenian Church and embrace Chalcedonianism, but this attempt was foiled by the Armenians with the help of the Arabs.

In medieval times, the monastery of Gandzasar served as the See of the Caucasian Albanian Catholicate, which continued to exist until 1828 (or 1836) when it was formally abolished by the Russian authorities.