19th Century To World War I
- 1804-1813: Uprising in Serbia against the presence of the Ottoman Empire
- 1810-1820s: Spanish American wars of independence
- 1810-1821: Mexican War of Independence
- 1815-1817: Serbian uprising leading to Serbian autonomy
- 1821-1823: Greek War of Independence
- 1822: Independence of Brazil proclaimed by Dom Pedro I
- 1823: British abolish slavery in the West Indies
- 1830: Start of the French conquest of Algeria
- 1834: Beginning of the Boers' Great Trek
- 1839-42: First Opium War and First Anglo-Afghan War
- 1846-1848: Mexican-American War, which results in the Mexican Cession
- 1848: Spring of Nations in Europe
- 1848: Decree-law Victor Schoelcher which abolish slavery (permanently) in the French colonial empire
- 1853-55: Publication of Gobineau's An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races (one of the first, major formulation of racial theories )
- 1854-56: Crimean War
- 1854- Convention of Kanagawa after Commodore Perry's expedition to Japan
- 1856-60: Second Opium War
- 1857: Uprising in India against British occupation, which leads to the creation of the British Raj
- 1861-1867: French intervention in Mexico ordered by Napoleon III
- 1870: Franco-Prussian War
- 1870-80s: Conquest of the Desert in Argentina, led by Julio Argentino Roca
- 1877-1878: War between Russia and the Ottoman Empire and March 3, 1878 Treaty of San Stefano
- 1878: Treaty of Berlin recognising the independence of Romania, Serbia and Montenegro and the autonomy of Bulgaria
- 1878-1881: Second Anglo-Afghan War
- 1879: Anglo-Zulu War
- 1880-81: First Boer War
- 1881: Indigenous Code in Algeria
- 1882: Triple Alliance between Italy and the German-Austrian Dual Alliance
- 1883: Publication of The Story of an African Farm by Olive Schreiner
- 1884-85: Berlin Conference (UK, France, Germany) which sets the right of conquest for the scramble for Africa
- 1885: Foundation of the Indian National Congress
- 1885: Treaty of Simulambuco (between Portugal and the N'Goyo Kingdom).
- 1887: France creates the Indochinese Union
- 1888: Lei Áurea ("Golden Law") on May 13 in Brazil which abolish slavery
- 1889: Foundation of the Republic of Brazil
- 1889: British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes chartered by the British government to seek treaties and administer territory between the Limpopo River and African Great Lakes.
- 1890: Cecil Rhodes sends the Pioneer Column into Mashonaland, starting the process of annexing the territory which became Southern Rhodesia
- 1891: The Stairs Expedition to Katanga kills its king, Msiri and obtains treaties from his successors for the territory to become the possession of Leopold II of Belgium
- 1894: Franco-Russian Alliance, breaking France's isolation by Bismarck
- 1895: Treaty of Shimonoseki between Japan and China and Triple Intervention
- 1895: Creation of French West Africa (AOF)
- 1895-96: First Italo–Ethiopian War
- 1896: Anglo-Zanzibar War (on August 27)
- 1897: Punitive Expedition led by British Admiral Harry Rawson against Benin, which brings to an end the highly sophisticated West African Kingdom of Benin
- 1898: Fashoda Incident
- 1898: On July 25, 1898 at the outbreak of the Spanish–American War, Puerto Rico was invaded by the United States with a landing at Guánica. Following the outcome of the war, Spain was forced to cede Puerto Rico, along with Cuba, the Philippines, and Guam to the United States under the Treaty of Paris (1898)
- 1899: Publication of Rudyard Kipling's The White Man's Burden, as well as Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
- 1899-1902: Second Boer War
- 1899-1913: Philippine-American War
- 1902: Anglo-Japanese Alliance: end of UK's Splendid isolation
- 1902: Italy puts a supplement to the Triple Alliance concerning France
- 1904: Entente Cordiale between France and the UK
- 1904-05: Russo-Japanese War
- 1904-07: Herero Genocide
- 1905: Partition of Bengal
- 1905: First Moroccan Crisis after the March 31, 1905 visit of Kaiser Wilhelm to Tangiers
- 1906: Algeciras Conference to mediate the Tangier Crisis between France and Germany
- 1907: Triple Entente between Russia, France and the UK
- 1910: Mexican Revolution and overthrow of Porfirio Díaz's dictatorship
- 1910: Creation of French Equatorial Africa (AEF)
- 1911: Agadir Crisis
- 1911: Chinese Revolution
- 1912: France establish a full protectorate over Morocco
- 1912-1913: Balkan Wars and Italo-Turkish War (Tripolitania and Cyrenaica are transferred from the Ottoman Empire to Italy)
- 1914-1918: World War I
- 1916: May 16 Sykes-Picot Agreement
- 1916-1918: Arab Revolt initiated by Hussein bin Ali and Emir Faisal
- 1917: October Revolution
- 1918: Woodrow Wilson's January 9 speech on the Fourteen Points
Read more about this topic: Chronology Of Western Colonialism
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