Overview of Motor, Speech, Vision and Hearing Development
| Age | Motor | Speech | Vision and hearing | Social |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4–6 weeks | When held upright, holds head erect and steady | Smiles at parent | ||
| 6–8 weeks | When prone, lifts self by arms; rolls from side to back. | Vocalizes; Cooes (makes vowel-like noises)or babbles. | Focuses on objects as well as adults | |
| 12–20 weeks | Hand regard: following the hand with the eyes. Color vision adult-like. | Serves to practice emerging visual skills. Also observed in blind children. | ||
| 3 months | Prone:head held up for prolonged periods. No grasp reflex | Makes vowel noises | Follows dangling toy from side to side. Turns head round to sound. Follows adults' gaze (joint attention). Sensitivity to binocular cues emerges. | Squeals with delight appropriately. Discriminates smile. Smiles often. Laughs at simple things. |
| 5 months | Holds head steady. Goes for objects and gets them. Objects taken to mouth | Enjoys vocal play; | ||
| 6 months | Transfers objects from one hand to the other. Pulls self up to sit and sits erect with supports. Rolls over prone to supine. Palmar grasp of cube | Double syllable sounds such as 'mumum' and 'dada'; babbles (consonant-vowel combinations) | Localises sound 45 cm lateral to either ear. Visual acuity adult-like (20/20). Sensitivity to pictorial depth cues (those used by artists to indicate depth) emerges. | May show 'stranger shyness' |
| 9–10 months | Wiggles and crawls. Sits unsupported. Picks up objects with pincer grasp | Babbles tunefully | Looks for toys dropped | Apprehensive about strangers |
| 1 year | Stands holding furniture. Stands alone for a second or two, then collapses with a bump | Babbles 2 or 3 words repeatedly | Drops toys, and watches where they go | Cooperates with dressing, waves goodbye, understands simple commands |
| 18 months | Can walk alone. Picks up toy without falling over. Gets up/down stairs holding onto rail. Begins to jump with both feet. Can build a tower of 3 or 4 cubes and throw a ball | 'Jargon'. Many intelligible words | Demands constant mothering. Drinks from a cup with both hands. Feeds self with a spoon. Most children with autism are diagnosed at this age. | |
| 2 years | Able to run. Walks up and down stairs 2 feet per step. Builds tower of 6 cubes | Joins 2–3 words in sentences | Parallel play. Dry by day | |
| 3 years | Goes up stairs 1-foot per step and downstairs 2 feet per step. Copies circle, imitates cross and draws man on request. Builds tower of 9 cubes | Constantly asks questions. Speaks in sentences. | Cooperative play. Undresses with assistance. Imaginary companions | |
| 4 years | Goes down stairs one foot per step, skips on one foot. Imitates gate with cubes, copies a cross | Questioning at its height. Many infantile substitutions in speech | Dresses and undresses with assistance. Attends to own toilet needs | |
| 5 years | Skips on both feet and hops. Draws a man and copies a triangle. Gives age | Fluent speech with few infantile substitutions in speech | Dresses and undresses alone | |
| 6 years | Copies a diamond. Knows right from left and number of fingers | Fluent speech |
Read more about this topic: Child Development Stages
Famous quotes containing the words vision, hearing and/or development:
“I have a Vision of the Future, chum.
The workers’ flats in fields of soya beans
Tower up like silver pencils, score on score.”
—Sir John Betjeman (1906–1984)
“A fearful man is always hearing things.”
—Sophocles (497–406/5 B.C.)
“A defective voice will always preclude an artist from achieving the complete development of his art, however intelligent he may be.... The voice is an instrument which the artist must learn to use with suppleness and sureness, as if it were a limb.”
—Sarah Bernhardt (1845–1923)