Relation To The Ideal Gas Law
French physicist Émile Clapeyron combined Charles's law with Boyle's law in 1834 to produce a single statement which would become known as the ideal gas law. Claypeyron's original statement was:
where t is the Celsius temperature; and p0, V0 and t0 are the pressure, volume and temperature of a sample of gas under some standard state. The figure of 267 came directly from Gay-Lussac's work: the modern figure would be 273.15. For any given sample of gas, p0V0⁄267+t0 is a constant (Clapeyron denoted this constant R, and it is closely related to the modern gas constant); if the pressure is also constant, the equation simplifies to
as required.
The modern statement of the ideal gas law is:
where n is the amount of substance of the gas sample; and R is the gas constant. The amount of substance is constant for any given gas sample so, at constant pressure, the equation rearranges to:
where nR⁄p is the constant of proportionality.
An ideal gas is defined as a gas which obeys the ideal gas law, so Charles' law is only expected to be followed exactly by ideal gases. Nevertheless, it is a good approximation to the behaviour of real gases at relatively high temperatures and relatively low pressures.
Read more about this topic: Charles's Law
Famous quotes containing the words relation to the, relation to, relation, ideal, gas and/or law:
“The foregoing generations beheld God and nature face to face; we, through their eyes. Why should not we also enjoy an original relation to the universe? Why should not we have a poetry and philosophy of insight and not of tradition, and a religion by revelation to us, and not the history of theirs?”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
“The proper study of mankind is man in his relation to his deity.”
—D.H. (David Herbert)
“Our sympathy is cold to the relation of distant misery.”
—Edward Gibbon (1737–1794)
“The ideal place for me is the one in which it is most natural to live as a foreigner.”
—Italo Calvino (1923–1985)
“A new father quickly learns that his child invariably comes to the bathroom at precisely the times when he’s in there, as if he needed company. The only way for this father to be certain of bathroom privacy is to shave at the gas station.”
—Bill Cosby (20th century)
“There was that law of life so cruel and so just which demanded that one must grow or else pay more for remaining the same.”
—Norman Mailer (b. 1923)