Campaigns of 1797 in The French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1796, with France fighting the First Coalition.

On 14 February, British admiral Jervis met and defeated a Spanish fleet off Portugal at the Battle of Cape St. Vincent. This prevented the Spanish fleet from rendezvousing with the French, removing a threat of invasion to Britain. However, the British fleet was weakened over the rest of the year by the Spithead and Nore mutinies, which kept many ships in port through the summer.

See also: Italian campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars

In Italy, Napoleon Bonaparte's armies were laying siege to Mantua at the beginning of the year, and a second attempt by Austrians under Joseph Alvinczy to raise the siege was driven off at the Battle of Rivoli. Finally, on 2 February, Wurmser surrendered Mantua and 18,000 troops. The Papal forces sued for peace, which was granted at Tolentino on 19 February. Napoleon was now free to attack the Austrian heartland. He advanced directly toward Austria over the Julian Alps, sending Barthélemy Joubert to invade the Tyrol.

Archduke Charles of Austria hurried from the German front to defend Austria, but he was defeated at the Tagliamento on 16 March, and Napoleon proceeded into Austria, occupying Klagenfurt and preparing for a rendezvous with Joubert in front of Vienna. In Germany, the armies of Hoche and Moreau crossed the Rhine again in April after the previous year's failure. The victories of Napoleon had frightened the Austrians into making peace, and they concluded the Peace of Leoben in April, ending hostilities. However, his absence from Italy had allowed the outbreak of the revolt known as the Veronese Easters on 17 April, which was put down eight days later.

Although Britain remained at war with France, this effectively ended the First Coalition. Austria later signed the Treaty of Campo Formio, ceding the Austrian Netherlands to France and recognizing the French border at the Rhine. Austria and France also partitioned Venice between them.

Preceded by 1796

French Revolutionary Wars 1797

Succeeded by 1798

French Revolution Timeline Ancien Régime Causes Revolution Constitutional Monarchy Republic Directory Consulate Glossary Significant civil and political events by year 1788 Day of the Tiles Assembly of Vizille 1789 Reveillon riot Convocation of the Estates-General National Assembly National Constituent Assembly Tennis Court Oath Storming of the Bastille Great Fear Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen The Women's March on Versailles 1790 Abolition of the Parlements Abolition of the Nobility Civil Constitution of the Clergy 1791 Flight to Varennes Champ de Mars Massacre Declaration of Pillnitz The Constitution of 1791 Legislative Assembly 1792 Brunswick Manifesto Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary 10th of August September Massacres National Convention First republic declared 1793 Louis Capet is guillotined Revolutionary Tribunal Reign of Terror Committee of Public Safety Committee of General Security Fall of the Girondists Assassination of Marat Levée en masse Law of Suspects Marie Antoinette is guillotined Anti-clerical laws 1794 Danton & Desmoulins guillotined Law of 22 Prairial Thermidorian Reaction White Terror Closing of the Jacobin Club 1795 1795 Constitution Conspiracy of the Equals Directoire Council of Five Hundred Council of Ancients 1797 Coup of 18 Fructidor Second Congress of Rastatt 1799 Coup of 30 Prairial Year VII Coup of 18 Brumaire Constitution of the Year VIII Consulate Revolutionary wars 1792 Verdun Thionville (fr) Valmy Royalist Revolts Chouannerie Vendée Dauphiné Lille Mayence (fr) Jemappes Namur (fr) 1793 First Coalition Siege of Toulon War in the Vendée Battle of Neerwinden) Battle of Famars Capture of San Pietro and Sant'Antioco Battle of Kaiserslautern Siege of Mainz Battle of Wattignies Battle of Hondschoote Siege of Bellegarde Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees) First Battle of Wissembourg Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees) Second Battle of Wissembourg 1794 Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies Battle of Boulou (Pyrenees) Battle of Tournay Battle of Fleurus Chouannerie Battle of Tourcoing Battle of Aldenhoven 1795 Peace of Basel 1796 Battle of Lonato Battle of Castiglione Battle of Theiningen Battle of Neresheim Battle of Amberg Battle of Würzburg Battle of Rovereto First Battle of Bassano Battle of Emmendingen Battle of Schliengen Second Battle of Bassano Battle of Calliano Battle of the Bridge of Arcole The Ireland Expedition 1797 Naval Engagement off Brittany Battle of Rivoli Battle of the Bay of Cádiz Treaty of Leoben Battle of Neuwied Treaty of Campo Formio 1798 French Invasion of Egypt Irish Rebellion of 1798 Quasi-War Peasants' War 1799 Second Coalition Siege of Acre Battle of Ostrach Battle of Stockach Battle of Magnano Battle of Cassano First Battle of Zurich Battle of Trebbia Battle of Novi Second Battle of Zurich 1800 Battle of Marengo Battle of Hohenlinden League of Armed Neutrality 1801 Treaty of Lunéville Treaty of Florence Algeciras Campaign 1802 Treaty of Amiens Military leaders French army Eustache Charles d'Aoust Pierre Augereau Alexandre de Beauharnais Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte Louis-Alexandre Berthier Jean-Baptiste Bessières Guillaume-Marie-Anne Brune Jean François Carteaux Jean Étienne Championnet Chapuis de Tourville Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine Louis-Nicolas Davout Louis Desaix Jacques François Dugommier Charles François Dumouriez Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino Louis-Charles de Flers Paul Grenier Emmanuel de Grouchy Jacques Maurice Hatry Lazare Hoche Jean-Baptiste Jourdan François Christophe de Kellermann Jean Baptiste Kléber Pierre Choderlos de Laclos Jean Lannes Charles Leclerc Claude Lecourbe François Joseph Lefebvre Jacques MacDonald Jean-Antoine Marbot Jean Baptiste de Marbot François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers Auguste de Marmont André Masséna Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey Jean Victor Marie Moreau Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier Joachim Murat Michel Ney Pierre-Jacques Osten (fr) Nicolas Oudinot Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon Jean-Charles Pichegru Józef Poniatowski Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier Joseph Souham Nicolas Jean-de-Dieu Soult Louis-Gabriel Suchet Belgrand de Vaubois Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno French navy Charles-Alexandre Linois Opposition Austria József Alvinczi Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen Count of Clerfayt Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth Pál Kray Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc Maximilian Baillet de Latour Karl Mack von Leiberich Rudolf Ritter von Otto Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló Karl Philipp Sebottendorf Dagobert von Wurmser Britain Sir Ralph Abercromby Admiral Sir James Saumarez Admiral Sir Edward Pellew Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany Dutch Republic William V, Prince of Orange Prussia Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen Russia Alexander Korsakov Alexander Suvorov Spain Luis Firmin de Carvajal Antonio Ricardos Other important figures and factions Royals and Royalists Charles X of France Louis XVI Louis XVII Louis XVIII Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien Louis Henri, Prince of Condé Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé Louis Philippe I Marie Antoinette Madame de Lamballe Madame du Barry Louis de Breteuil Loménie de Brienne Charles Alexandre de Calonne de Chateaubriand Jean Chouan Grace Elliott Arnaud de La Porte Jean-Sifrein Maury Mirabeau Jacques Necker Feuillants Antoine Barnave Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth Charles Malo François Lameth Lafayette Girondists Jacques Pierre Brissot Étienne Clavière Marquis de Condorcet Charlotte Corday Marie Jean Hérault Roland de La Platière Madame Roland Jean Baptiste Treilhard Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve Montagnards Paul Nicolas, vicomte de Barras Georges Couthon Georges Danton Jacques-Louis David Camille Desmoulins Roger Ducos Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois Jean-Paul Marat Prieur de la Côte-d'Or Prieur de la Marne Maximilien de Robespierre Gilbert Romme Jean Bon Saint-André Louis Antoine de Saint-Just Jean-Lambert Tallien Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac Hébertists Jacques Hébert Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne Pierre Gaspard Chaumette Jacques Roux Bonapartists Napoléon Bonaparte de Cambacérès Jacques-Louis David Jean Debry Joseph Fesch Charles François Lebrun Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai Others Jean-Pierre-André Amar François-Noël Babeuf Jean Sylvain Bailly François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot André Chénier Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville Olympe de Gouges Father Henri Grégoire Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas Jacques-Donatien Le Ray Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville Jean Joseph Mounier Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours François de Neufchâteau Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau Pierre Louis Prieur Jean-François Rewbell Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux Marquis de Sade Antoine Christophe Saliceti Abbé Sieyès Madame de Staël Talleyrand Thérésa Tallien Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target Catherine Théot Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier Jean-Henri Voulland Enragés List of people associated with the French Revolution Influential thinkers Les Lumières Beaumarchais Edmund Burke Anacharsis Cloots Charles-Augustin de Coulomb Pierre Claude François Daunou Diderot Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson Antoine Lavoisier Montesquieu Thomas Paine Jean-Jacques Rousseau Voltaire The Bonapartes Joséphine de Beauharnais Joseph Bonaparte Lucien Bonaparte Napoléon Bonaparte Cultural impact La Marseillaise Fabre d'Églantine French Tricolour Liberté, égalité, fraternité Bastille Day Panthéon French Republican Calendar Cult of the Supreme Being Cult of Reason Sans-culottes Metric system Quatrevingt-treize A Tale of Two Cities The Scarlet Pimpernel Scaramouche La Révolution française Orphans of the Storm Danton