C Mathematical Functions - Overview of Functions

Overview of Functions

Most of the mathematical functions are placed in math.h header (cmath header in C++). The functions that operate on integers, such as abs, labs, div, and ldiv, are instead specified in the stdlib.h header (cstdlib header in C++).

Any functions that operate on angles use radians as the unit of angle.

Not all functions are available in C89 version of the C standard. For those that are, the functions accept only type double for the floating-point arguments. In C99, this limitation was fixed by introducing new sets of functions that work on float and long double arguments. Those functions are identified by f and l suffixes respectively.

	Function	Description
	`abs` `labs` `llabs`	computes absolute value of an integer value
	`fabs`	computes absolute value of a floating point value
	`div` `ldiv` `lldiv`	computes the quotient and remainder of integer division
	`fmod`	remainder of the floating point division operation
	`remainder`	signed remainder of the division operation
	`remquo`	signed remainder as well as the three last bits of the division operation
	`fma`	fused multiply-add operation
	`fmax`	larger of two floating point values
	`fmin`	smaller of two floating point values
	`fdim`	positive difference of two floating point values
	`nan` `nanf` `nanl`	returns a not-a-number (NaN)
Exponential functions	`exp`	returns e raised to the given power
	`exp2`	returns 2 raised to the given power
	`expm1`	returns e raised to the given power, minus one
	`log`	computes natural (base e) logarithm (to base e)
	`log2`	computes common (base 2) logarithm
	`log10`	computes common (base 10) logarithm
	`log1p`	computes natural logarithm (to base e) of 1 plus the given number
	`ilogb`	extracts exponent of the number
	`logb`	extracts exponent of the number
Power functions	`sqrt`	computes square root
	`cbrt`	computes cubic root
	`hypot`	computes square root of the sum of the squares of two given numbers
	`pow`	raises a number to the given power
Trigonometric functions	`sin`	computes sine
	`cos`	computes cosine
	`tan`	computes tangent
	`asin`	computes arc sine
	`acos`	computes arc cosine
	`atan`	computes arc tangent
	`atan2`	computes arc tangent, using signs to determine quadrants
Hyperbolic functions	`sinh`	computes hyperbolic sine
	`cosh`	computes hyperbolic cosine
	`tanh`	computes hyperbolic tangent
	`asinh`	computes hyperbolic arc sine
	`acosh`	computes hyperbolic arc cosine
	`atanh`	computes hyperbolic arc tangent
Error and gamma functions	`erf`	computes error function
	`erfc`	computes complementary error function
	`lgamma`	computes natural logarithm of the gamma function
	`tgamma`	computes gamma function
Nearest integer floating point operations	`ceil`	returns the nearest integer not less than the given value
	`floor`	returns the nearest integer not greater than the given value
	`trunc`	returns the nearest integer not greater in magnitude than the given value
	`round` `lround` `llround`	returns the nearest integer, rounding away from zero in halfway cases
	`nearbyint`	returns the nearest integer using current rounding mode
	`rint` `lrint` `llrint`	returns the nearest integer using current rounding mode with exception if the result differs
Floating point manipulation functions	`frexp`	decomposes a number into significand and a power of 2
	`ldexp`	multiplies a number by 2 raised to a power
	`modf`	decomposes a number into integer and fractional parts
	`scalbn` `scalbln`	multiplies a number by FLT_RADIX raised to a power
	`nextafter` `nexttoward`	returns next representable floating point value towards the given value
	`copysign`	copies the sign of a floating point value
Classification	`fpclassify`	categorizes the given floating point value
	`isfinite`	checks if the given number has finite value
	`isinf`	checks if the given number is infinite
	`isnan`	checks if the given number is NaN
	`isnormal`	checks if the given number is normal
	`signbit`	checks if the given number is negative

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