Bernard of Septimania - Title

Title

Bernard was indisputably a count (comes) of Barcelona and several other counties over the course of his long career. He also appears in the chronicles with the title duke (dux), though the extent to which this was a military designation is obscure. He is sometimes retrospectively referred to by historians as a margrave (marchio). Here are his name and title as they appear in several primary sources:

  • Bernhardus comes Barcinonensis ("Bernard, Count of Barcelona")
  • duce Bernhardo ("Duke Bernard")
  • præfatus Bernardus ("Prefect Bernard")
  • Bernhardum Barcenonensium ducem ("Bernard, Duke of Barcelona")
  • Bernardus comes marcæ Hispanicæ ("Bernard, Count of the Hispanic March")
  • Bernardo comiti Tolosano ("Bernard, Count of Toulouse")

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