Appended Letters
Adeg-adeg may not used in the middle of a sentence, so gantungan (appended letters) has to be used to kill the vowel of a consonant letter in such case. Each consonant letter has a corresponding gantungan form, and the gantungan eliminates the inherent vowel /a/ of the letter it is appended to. For example, if the letter na is appended with gantungan da, the pronunciation becomes nda.
Gantungan and pangangge (diacritic) can be applied together to a letter. However, attaching two or more gantungan to one letter is forbidden; this condition is known as tumpuk telu (three layers). Adeg-adeg may be used in the middle of a sentence to avoid such situation.
The forms of gantungan are as follows:
| Gantungan/Gempelan | ||||||||
| Warga (Place of articulation) |
Pancawalimukha | Ardhasuara (Semivowels) |
Usma (Fricatives) |
Wisarga |
||||
| Unvoiced | Voiced | Nasal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kanthya (Guttural) |
Ka | Ga | Ga gora | Nga | Ha | |||
| Talawya (Palatal) |
Ca murca | Ca laca | Ja | Nya | Ya | Sa saga | ||
| Murdhanya (Retroflex) |
Ta latik | Da madu m. | Na rambat | Ra | Sa sapa | |||
| Dantya (Dental) |
Ta | Ta tawa | Da lindung | Da madu | Na kojong | La | Sa danti | |
| Osthya (Labial) |
Ba | Ba kembang | Pa | Pa kapal | Ma | Wa | ||
Read more about this topic: Balinese Alphabet
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