History
Ralph W. Tyler introduced the idea of backward design in 1949 when referring to a statement of objectives. A statement of objectives is used to indicate the kinds of changes in the student to be brought about so that instructional activities can be planned and developed in a way likely to attain these objectives.
Jay McTighe, with Grant Wiggins, brought the term "backward design" to the forefront of curriculum design in 1998. McTighe has also authored several books and workbooks to aid those interested in learning assessment (Jay McTighe.com). Although backward design was introduced by the pair of authors, it was actually a term coined by Grant Wiggins, in his book Understanding by Design (1999, 1st ed.).
Read more about this topic: Backward Design
Famous quotes containing the word history:
“There is no history of how bad became better.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“So in accepting the leading of the sentiments, it is not what we believe concerning the immortality of the soul, or the like, but the universal impulse to believe, that is the material circumstance, and is the principal fact in this history of the globe.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
“History does nothing; it does not possess immense riches, it does not fight battles. It is men, real, living, who do all this.... It is not “history” which uses men as a means of achieving—as if it were an individual person—its own ends. History is nothing but the activity of men in pursuit of their ends.”
—Karl Marx (1818–1883)