Demographics and Society
See also: Demographics of Azerbaijan, Demographics of Iran, Azerbaijanis in Armenia, Azerbaijanis in Georgia, Azerbaijanis in Russia, Azerbaijanis in Turkey, Azerbaijanis in Ukraine, and Azerbaijani diasporaThere are an estimated 22 to 35 million Azerbaijanis in the world, but census figures are difficult to verify. The vast majority live in the Republic of Azerbaijan and Iranian Azerbaijan. Between 11.2 and 30 million Azerbaijanis live in Iran, mainly in the northwestern provinces. Approximately 8 million Azerbaijanis are found in the Republic of Azerbaijan. A diaspora of over a million is spread throughout the rest of the world. According to Ethnologue, there are over 1 million speakers of the northern Azerbaijani dialect in southern Dagestan, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. No Azerbaijanis were recorded in the 2001 census in Armenia, where the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict resulted in population shifts. Other sources, such as national censuses, confirm the presence of Azeris throughout the other states of the former Soviet Union. Ethnologue reports that 1 million South Azeris live outside Iran, but these figures include Iraqi Turkmen, a distinct though related Turkic people.
Read more about this topic: Azerbaijani People
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“Despotism may govern without faith, but liberty cannot.... How is it possible that society should escape destruction if the moral tie is not strengthened in proportion as the political tie is relaxed? And what can be done with a people who are their own masters if they are not submissive to the Deity?”
—Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859)