Deployment in 2nd Century
Province | Approx. modern equivalent |
Alae (no. mill.) |
Cohortes (no. mill.) |
Total aux. units |
Auxiliary infantry |
Auxiliary cavalry* |
Total auxilia |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Britannia | England/Wales | 11 (1) | 45 (6) | 56 | 25,520 | 10,688 | 36,208 |
Rhine Frontier | |||||||
Germania Inferior | S Neth/NW Rhineland | 6 | 17 | 23 | 8,160 | 4,512 | 12,672 |
Germania Superior | Pfalz/Alsace | 3 | 22 (1) | 25 | 10,880 | 3,336 | 14,216 |
Danube Frontier | |||||||
Raetia/Noricum | S Ger/Switz/Austria | 7 (1) | 20 (5) | 27 | 11,220 | 5,280 | 16,500 |
Pannonia (Inf + Sup) | W Hungary/Slovenia/Croatia | 11 (2) | 21 (4) | 32 | 11,360 | 8,304 | 19,664 |
Moesia Superior | Serbia | 2 | 10 | 12 | 4,800 | 1,864 | 6,664 |
Moesia Inferior | N Bulgaria/coastal Rom | 5 | 12 | 17 | 5,760 | 3,520 | 9,280 |
Dacia (Inf/Sup/Poroliss) | Romania | 11 (1) | 32 (8) | 43 | 17,920 | 7,328 | 25,248 |
Eastern Frontier | |||||||
Cappadocia | Central/East Turkey | 4 | 15 (2) | 19 | 7,840 | 3,368 | 11,208 |
Syria (inc Judaea/Arabia) | Syria/Leb/Palest/Jordan/Israel | 12 (1) | 43 (3) | 55 | 21,600 | 10,240 | 31,840 |
North Africa | |||||||
Aegyptus | Egypt | 4 | 11 | 15 | 5,280 | 3,008 | 8,288 |
Mauretania (inc Africa) | Tunisia/Algeria/Morocco | 10 (1) | 30 (1) | 40 | 14,720 | 7,796 | 22,516 |
Internal provinces | 2 | 15 | 17 | 7,200 | 2,224 | 9,424 | |
TOTAL EMPIRE | 88 (7) | 293 (30) | 381 | 152,260 | 71,468 | 223,728 |
Notes: (1) Table excludes about 2,000 officers (centurions and above). (2) Auxiliary cavalry nos. assumes 70% of cohortes were equitatae
Analysis
- The table shows the importance of auxiliary troops in the 2nd century, when they outnumbered legionaries by 1.5 to 1.
- The table shows that legions did not have a standard complement of auxiliary regiments and that there was no fixed ratio of auxiliary regiments to legions in each province. The ratio varied from six regiments per legion in Cappadocia to 40 per legion in Mauretania.
- Overall, cavalry represented about 20% (including the small contingents of legionary cavalry) of the total army effectives. But there were variations: in Mauretania the cavalry proportion was 28%.
- The figures show the massive deployments in Britannia and Dacia. Together, these two provinces account for 27% of the total auxilia corps.
Read more about this topic: Auxiliaries (Roman Military)
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