Associated Conditions
- Down Syndrome - patients with Down Syndrome have higher rates of ASDs, especially a particular type that involves the ventricular wall. As many as one half of Down Syndrome patients have some type of septal defect.
- Ebstein's anomaly
- Fetal alcohol syndrome - about one in four patients with fetal alcohol syndrome has either an ASD or a ventricular septal defect.
- Holt–Oram syndrome - Both the osteium secundum and osteum primum types of ASD are associated with Holt–Oram syndrome
- Lutembacher's syndrome - the presence of a congenital ASD along with acquired mitral stenosis.
Read more about this topic: Atrial Septal Defect
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