Atrial Action Potential

In electrocardiography, the atrial action potential are action potentials that occur in the heart atrium. They are similar to ventricular action potential with the exception of having a more narrow phase 2 (plateau phase) due to a smaller calcium influx. Also, in comparison to the ventricular action potential, atrial action potentials have a more gradual repolarization period. This indicates that the atria's repolarization currents are not very large and they do not undergo a large repolarization peak.

See cardiac action potential for more information.

Cardiovascular system, physiology: cardiovascular physiology

Heart

Volumes	Stroke volume = End-diastolic volume – End-systolic volume Cardiac output = Heart rate × Stroke volume Afterload Preload Frank–Starling law of the heart Cardiac function curve Venous return curve Aortic valve area calculation Ejection fraction Cardiac index

Dimensions	Fractional shortening = (End-diastolic dimension – End-systolic dimension) / End-diastolic dimension

Interaction diagrams	Cardiac cycle Wiggers diagram Pressure volume diagram

Tropism	Chronotropic (Heart rate) Dromotropic (Conduction velocity) Inotropic (Contractility) Bathmotropic (Excitability) Lusitropic (Relaxation)

Conduction system / Cardiac electrophysiology	Cardiac action potential Atrial action potential Ventricular action potential Effective refractory period Pacemaker potential EKG P wave PR interval QRS complex QT interval ST segment T wave U wave Hexaxial reference system

Chamber pressure	Central venous pressure/right atrial pressure → Right ventricular pressure → Pulmonary artery pressure → Pulmonary wedge pressure/left atrial pressure → Left ventricular pressure → Aortic pressure

Other	Ventricular remodeling

Vascular system/
Hemodynamics

Blood flow	Compliance Vascular resistance Total peripheral resistance Pulse Perfusion

Blood pressure	Pulse pressure Systolic Diastolic Mean arterial pressure Jugular venous pressure Portal venous pressure

Regulation of BP	Baroreflex Kinin–kallikrein system Renin–angiotensin system Vasoconstrictors/Vasodilators Autoregulation Myogenic mechanism Tubuloglomerular feedback Cerebral autoregulation Paraganglia Aortic body Carotid body Glomus cell

M: HRT

anat/phys/devp

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C1A/1B/1C/1D), blte

M: VAS

anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot

noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

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