Reactions
Aryl halides do not participate in conventional SN2 nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Instead the halides are displaced by strong nucleophiles via reactions involving radical anions. Alternatively aryl halides, especially the bromides and iodides, undergo oxidative addition, and thus are subject to Buchwald–Hartwig amination-type reactions.
Aryl halides react with metals to give more reactive derivatives that behaves as sources of aryl anions. Magnesium to give Grignard reagents, which are useful in organic synthesis of other aryl compounds.
Chlorobenzene was once the precursor to phenol, which is now made by oxidation of cumene. At high temperatures, aryl react with ammonia to give anilines.
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