Europe
Experiments on vertebrate animals in the European Union are subject to Directive 86/609/EEC on the protection of Animals used for Experimental and other scientific purposes, adopted in 1986. There is considerable variation in the manner member countries choose to exercise the directive: compare, for example, legislation from Sweden, The Netherlands, and Germany.
In November 2010, "Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes", which updates and replaces the 1986 Directive 86/609/EEC, was finalized and came into force. Full implementation of the new EU directive starts January 1, 2013.
Read more about this topic: Animal Testing Regulations
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“riding flatcars to Fresno,
Across the whole country
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And the factories they make rubbers in”
—Gary Snyder (b. 1930)
“Should the German people lay down their arms, the Soviets ... would occupy all eastern and south-eastern Europe together with the greater part of the Reich. Over all this territory, which with the Soviet Union included, would be of enormous extent, an iron curtain would at once descend.”
—Joseph Goebbels (1897–1945)
“New York has her wilderness within her own borders; and though the sailors of Europe are familiar with the soundings of her Hudson, and Fulton long since invented the steamboat on its waters, an Indian is still necessary to guide her scientific men to its headwaters in the Adirondack country.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)