Under the British Alkali Act 1863, an Alkali inspector and four subinspectors were appointed to curb discharge into the air of muriatic acid gashydrogen chloride (gaseous hydrochloric acid) from the Leblanc alkali works.
In 1874, under the Alkali Act 1874, the Inspector became the Chief Inspector. The Chief Inspector was statutorily responsible for the standards set and maintained by the Inspectorate, and reported directly to the Permanent Secretary of his Department. For the first sixty years of its existence, the Inspectorate was solely concerned with the heavy chemicals industry, but from the 1920s onwards, its responsibilities were expanded, culminating in the Alkali Order 1958. This placed all major heavy industries which emitted smoke, grit, dust and fumes under the supervision of the Inspectorate.
The 1863 Act was repealed and replaced by the Alkali, &c. Works Regulation Act 1881, which was further extended by the Alkali, &c. Works Regulation Act 1892. The 1881 Act was repealed and replaced by the Alkali, &c. Works Regulation Act 1906.
Read more about Alkali Act 1863: Timeline
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