Address Resolution Protocol

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a telecommunications protocol used for resolution of network layer addresses into link layer addresses, a critical function in multiple-access networks. ARP was defined by RFC 826 in 1982. It is Internet Standard STD 37. It is also the name of the program for manipulating these addresses in most operating systems.

ARP has been implemented in many combinations of network and overlaying internetwork technologies, such as IPv4, Chaosnet, DECnet and Xerox PARC Universal Packet (PUP) using IEEE 802 standards, FDDI, X.25, Frame Relay and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), IPv4 over IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.11 being the most common cases.

In Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) networks, the functionality of ARP is provided by the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP).

Internet protocols
Application layer
  • DHCP
  • DHCPv6
  • DNS
  • FTP
  • HTTP
  • IMAP
  • IRC
  • LDAP
  • MGCP
  • NNTP
  • NTP
  • POP
  • RPC
  • RTP
  • RTSP
  • SIP
  • SMTP
  • SNMP
  • SOCKS
  • SSH
  • Telnet
  • TLS/SSL
  • XMPP
  • (more)
Transport layer
  • TCP
  • UDP
  • DCCP
  • SCTP
  • RSVP
  • (more)
Routing protocols *
  • BGP
  • OSPF
  • RIP
  • (more)
Internet layer
  • IP
    • IPv4
    • IPv6
  • ICMP
  • ICMPv6
  • ECN
  • IGMP
  • IPsec
  • (more)
Link layer
  • ARP/InARP
  • NDP
  • Tunnels
    • L2TP
  • PPP
  • Media access control
    • Ethernet
    • DSL
    • ISDN
    • FDDI
  • (more)
* Not a layer. A routing protocol belongs either to application or network layer.

Read more about Address Resolution Protocol:  Operating Scope, Packet Structure, Example, ARP Probe, ARP Announcements, ARP Mediation, Inverse ARP and Reverse ARP, ARP Spoofing and Proxy ARP, Alternatives To ARP, ARP Stuffing

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