ABM-1 Galosh

ABM-1 Galosh was a Soviet, nuclear tipped surface-to-air anti-ballistic missile (ABM). The Galosh (NATO reporting name, formerly SH-01) is based on the A-35 ABM System using Grushin model A-350 missile. The primary mission was to destroy U.S. Minuteman and Titan Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBMs) targeting Moscow.

The ABM-1 was introduced during the 1960s with a mechanically steered radar for its guidance. It contained a high-yield nuclear warhead, comparable to the U.S. Nike Zeus.

The ABM-1B with the advanced A-35M (SH-04) missile system and A-350R missile/warhead became operational during 1978. This system was tested at the Sary Shagan Launch Facility with five test flights during 1971, 1976, and 1977, with two more tests during 1993 and 1999.

The next generation versions using the A-135 ABM System were the ABM-3 Gazelle (1970s), and ABM-4 Gorgon (1980s) missiles.