References
- "オールガイド ６８１・６８３系 (Full Guide: 681/683 Series)". Japan Railfan Magazine (Japan: Kōyūsha) 49 (577): 56–65. May 2009.
- "北越急行６８１・６８３系 (Hokuetsu Express 681/683 Series)". Japan Railfan Magazine (Japan: Kōyūsha) 49 (577): 46–55. May 2009.
- JR電車編成表 '07冬号 (JR EMU Formations - Winter 2007). Japan: JRR. December 2006. ISBN 4-88283-046-9.
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