Main Points
Amongst the most important points of the reform are:
- The International legislation on Human rights, and every other International Treaty ratified or to be ratified by Argentina, was seemed to hold an = stand with the rest of the Constitution.
- The length of the presidential term was shortened from six to four years. The reelection of the president and the vice-president was allowed for one consecutive term, and the requirement for the president to be a Roman Catholic was removed.
- The presidential elections, formerly by the indirect vote of an electoral college became a direct election, with a modified ballotage system.
- The terms of senators were also shortened, from nine to six years. It was also established that every district was to elect three senators (from previous two) by direct elections (instead of being elected by provincial legislatures).
- The capital city, Buenos Aires, was given the special status of Autonomous City (Ciudad Autónoma), and its population was given the right to elect a Chief of Government (i.e. Mayor).
- The doctrine of the de facto governments was repealed, and it was established that any further attempt at breaking the constitutional order was to be deemed illegal, as severe penalties were to be established for the perpetrators and the right to resist a coup d'état was validated.
- The office of Chief of the Cabinet of Ministers was established, in the intention of atenuate the strong Presidentialist character of the Argentine government
- An independent institution, called Judiciary Council (Spanish: Consejo de la Magistratura), was established with mandate to administrate, regulate and control the functioning of the judiciary, to select the candidates for Federal Justicies, and to initiate impeachments to depose them. It is composed of members from both houses of the National Congress, officials selected by the President, and representatives from the lawyers, the judges and the Academy.
- The issuing of Necessity and Urgency Decrees was regulated.
- An independent office, the ombudsman, was created.
Read more about this topic: 1994 Amendment Of The Argentine Constitution
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