Data
Census data included the name of the head of the family and categorized inhabitants as follows: free white males at least 16 years of age (to assess the country’s industrial and military potential), free white males under 16 years of age, free white females, all other free persons (reported by sex and color), and slaves. Under the direction of the current Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, marshals collected data from all thirteen states (Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Virginia), and districts and territories that would become Vermont, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Maine.
| District | Free white males of 16 years and upward, including heads of families. | Free white males under 16 years. | Free white females, including heads of families. | All other free persons. | Slaves. | Total. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vermont | 22,435 | 22,328 | 40,505 | 255 | 16a | 85,539 b |
| New Hampshire | 36,086 | 34,851 | 70,160 | 630 | 158 | 141,885 |
| Maine | 24,384 | 24,748 | 46,870 | 538 | None | 96,540 |
| Massachusetts | 95,453 | 87,289 | 190,582 | 5,463 | None | 378,787 |
| Rhode Island | 16,019 | 15,799 | 32,652 | 3,407 | 948 | 68,825 |
| Connecticut | 60,523 | 54,403 | 117,448 | 2,808 | 2,764 | 237,946 |
| New York | 83,700 | 78,122 | 152,320 | 4,654 | 21,324 | 340,120 |
| New Jersey | 45,251 | 41,416 | 83,287 | 2,762 | 11,423 | 184,139 |
| Pennsylvania | 110,788 | 106,948 | 206,363 | 6,537 | 3,737 | 434,373 |
| Delaware | 11,783 | 12,143 | 22,384 | 3,899 | 8,887 | 59,094c |
| Maryland | 55,915 | 51,339 | 101,395 | 8,043 | 103,036 | 319,728 |
| Virginia | 110,936 | 116,135 | 215,046 | 12,866 | 292,627 | 747,610 |
| Kentucky | 15,154 | 17,057 | 28,922 | 114 | 12,430 | 73,677 |
| North Carolina | 69,988 | 77,506 | 140,710 | 4,975 | 100,572 | 393,751 |
| South Carolina | 35,576 | 37,722 | 66,880 | 1,801 | 107,094 | 249,073 |
| Georgia | 13,103 | 14,044 | 25,739 | 398 | 29,264 | 82,548 |
| Total | 807,094 | 791,850 | 1,541,263 | 59,150 | 694,280 | 3,893,635 |
^ a: The census of 1790, published in 1791, reports 16 slaves in Vermont. Subsequently, and up to 1860, the number is given as 17. An examination of the ordinal manuscript shows that there never were any slaves in Vermont. The original error occurred in preparing the results for publication, when 16 persons, returned as "Free colored," were classified as "Slave."
^ b: Corrected figures are 85,425, or 114 less than the figures published in 1790, due to an error of addition in the returns for each of the towns of Fairfield, Milton, Shelburne, and Williston, in the county of Chittenden; Brookfield, Newbury, Randolph, and Strafford, in the county of Orange; Castleton, Clarendon, Hubbardton, Poultney, Rutland, Shrewsburg, and Wallingford, in the county of Rutland; Dummerston, Guilford, Halifax, and Westminster, in the county of Windham; and Woodstock, in the county of Windsor.
^ c: Corrected figures are 59,096, or 2 more than figures published in 1790, due to error in addition
Read more about this topic: 1790 United States Census
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