List of X86 Calling Conventions
This is a list of x86 calling conventions. These are conventions primarily intended for C/C++ compilers (especially the 64-bit part below), and thus largely special cases. Other languages may use other formats and conventions in their implementations.
Architecture | Calling convention name | Operating system, compiler | Parameters in registers | Parameter order on stack | Stack cleanup by | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8086 | cdecl | RTL (C) | Caller | |||
Pascal | LTR (Pascal) | Callee | ||||
fastcall | Microsoft (non-member) | AX, DX, BX | LTR (Pascal) | Callee | Return pointer in BX. | |
fastcall | Microsoft (member function) | AX, DX | LTR (Pascal) | Callee | “this” on stack low address. Return pointer in AX. | |
fastcall | Borland compiler | AX, DX, BX | LTR (Pascal) | Callee | “this” on stack low address. Return pointer on stack high address. | |
Watcom compiler | AX, DX, BX, CX | RTL (C) | Callee | Return pointer in SI. | ||
IA-32 | cdecl | GCC | RTL (C) | Caller | When returning struct/class, the calling code allocates space and passes a pointer to this space via a hidden parameter on the stack. The called function writes the return value to this address. | |
cdecl | Microsoft | RTL (C) | Caller | When returning struct/class,
|
||
stdcall | RTL (C) | Callee | ||||
GCC | RTL (C) | Hybrid | Stack aligned on 16 bytes boundary. | |||
fastcall | Microsoft | ECX, EDX | RTL (C) | Callee | Return pointer on stack if not member function. | |
fastcall | GCC | ECX, EDX | RTL (C) | Callee | ||
fastcall | Borland/Embarcadero compiler | EAX, EDX, ECX | LTR (Pascal) | Callee | ||
thiscall | Microsoft | ECX | RTL (C) | Callee | Default for member functions. | |
Watcom compiler | EAX, EDX, EBX, ECX | RTL (C) | Callee | Return pointer in ESI. | ||
x86-64 | Microsoft x64 calling convention | Windows (Microsoft Visual C++, Intel C++ Compiler, Embarcadero compiler), UEFI | RCX/XMM0, RDX/XMM1, R8/XMM2, R9/XMM3 | RTL (C) | Caller | Stack aligned on 16 bytes. 32 bytes shadow space on stack. The specified 8 registers can only be used for parameters 1 through 4. |
System V AMD64 ABI | GNU/Linux, BSD, Mac OS X (GCC, Intel C++ Compiler) | RDI, RSI, RDX, RCX, R8, R9, XMM0–7 | RTL (C) | Caller | Stack aligned on 16 bytes boundary. Red zone below stack. |
Read more about this topic: X86 Calling Conventions
Famous quotes containing the words list of, list, calling and/or conventions:
“Sheathey call him Scholar Jack
Went down the list of the dead.
Officers, seamen, gunners, marines,
The crews of the gig and yawl,
The bearded man and the lad in his teens,
Carpenters, coal-passersall.”
—Joseph I. C. Clarke (18461925)
“The advice of their elders to young men is very apt to be as unreal as a list of the hundred best books.”
—Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (18411935)
“Those of us who are in this world to educateto care foryoung children have a special calling: a calling that has very little to do with the collection of expensive possessions but has a lot to do with the worth inside of heads and hearts. In fact, thats our domain: the heads and hearts of the next generation, the thoughts and feelings of the future.”
—Fred M. Rogers, U.S. writer and host of Mr. Rogers Neighborhood. That Which is Essential Is Invisible to the Eye, Young Children (July 1994)
“Languages exist by arbitrary institutions and conventions among peoples; words, as the dialecticians tell us, do not signify naturally, but at our pleasure.”
—François Rabelais (14941553)