North Carolina
The United States District Court for the District of North Carolina has a unique history among defunct district courts. It was established on June 4, 1790, by 1 Stat. 126. On June 9, 1794 it was subdivided into three districts by 1 Stat. 395, but on March 3, 1797, the three districts were abolished and the single District restored by 1 Stat. 517, until April 29, 1802, when the state was again subdivided into three different districts by 2 Stat. 156.
In both instances, these districts, unlike those with geographic designations that existed in other states, were titled by the names of the cities in which the courts sat. After the first division, they were styled the District of Edenton, the District of New Bern, and the District of Wilmington; after the second division, they were styled the District of Albemarle, the District of Cape Fear, and the District of Pamptico. However, in both instances, only one judge was authorized to serve all three districts, causing them to effectively operate as a single district. The latter combination was occasionally referred to by the cumbersome title of the United States District Court for the Albemarle, Cape Fear & Pamptico Districts of North Carolina. Judge Henry Potter's 55 years of service on this court during the period in which the state contained a single district, from April 1802 to December 1857, represents one of the longest terms ever held by a United States federal judge.
On June 4, 1872, North Carolina was re-divided into two Districts, Eastern and Western, by 17 Stat. 215. The Middle District was created from portions of the Eastern and Western Districts on March 2, 1927, by 44 Stat. 1339.
| Judge | Appointed by | Began active service |
Ended active service |
End reason |
| Stokes, JohnJohn Stokes | George Washington | 01790-08-03August 3, 1790 | 01790-10-12October 12, 1790 | death |
| Sitgreaves, JohnJohn Sitgreaves | George Washington | 01790-12-20December 20, 1790 | 01802-03-04March 4, 1802 | death |
| Potter, HenryHenry Potter | Thomas Jefferson | 01802-04-07April 7, 1802 | 01857-12-20December 20, 1857 | death |
| Biggs, AsaAsa Biggs | James Buchanan | 01858-05-03May 3, 1858 | 01861-04-23April 23, 1861 | resignation; became a judge of Confederacy |
| Brooks, George WashingtonGeorge Washington Brooks | Andrew Johnson | 01865-08-19August 19, 1865 | 01872-06-04June 4, 1872 | reassigned to Eastern District of North Carolina |
Read more about this topic: United States District Court For The District Of Mississippi
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“Only let the North exert as much moral influence over the South, as the South has exerted demoralizing influence over the North, and slavery would die amid the flame of Christian remonstrance, and faithful rebuke, and holy indignation.”
—Angelina Grimké (1805–1879)
“The great problem of American life [is] the riddle of authority: the difficulty of finding a way, within a liberal and individualistic social order, of living in harmonious and consecrated submission to something larger than oneself.... A yearning for self-transcendence and submission to authority [is] as deeply rooted as the lure of individual liberation.”
—Wilfred M. McClay, educator, author. The Masterless: Self and Society in Modern America, p. 4, University of North Carolina Press (1994)