Troughton is a surname, and may refer to
- Alice Troughton, British film and television director, not related to Patrick Troughton
- Bob Troughton (1904—????), Australian rules footballer
- David Troughton (born 1950), English actor and son of Patrick Troughton
- Edward Troughton (1753—1835), British instrument maker
- Ellis Le Geyt Troughton (1893—1974), Australian zoologist
- Jim Troughton (born 1979), English cricketer and grandson of Patrick Troughton
- Lionel Troughton (1879—1933), English cricketer
- Michael Troughton (born 1955), English actor and son of Patrick Troughton
- Patrick Troughton (1920—1987), English actor best known for his role in Doctor Who
- Sam Troughton (born 1977), English actor and grandson of Patrick Troughton
- Sammy Troughton (born 1964), Northern Irish footballer
- Steven Troughton-Smith (born 1988), Irish programmer