SuperCollider

SuperCollider is an environment and programming language originally released in 1996 by James McCartney for real-time audio synthesis and algorithmic composition.

Since then it has been evolving into a system used and further developed by both scientists and artists working with sound. It is an efficient and expressive dynamic programming language providing a framework for acoustic research, algorithmic music, and interactive programming.

Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License in 2002, SuperCollider is free software. The most recent major release (3.5) was released in March 2012.

Read more about SuperCollider:  Architecture, Live Coding