After Timurids
Having firmly established as a ruler of Azerbaijan with Tabriz as his capital, Qara Yusuf fell foul of his former ally Ahmad Jelair, sultan of Baghdad. Ahmad tried to seize Azerbaijan, but was defeated near Tabriz on August 30, 1410, and assassinated the next day passing Iraq Arabi into hands of Qara Yusuf. Within few months, Qara Yusuf ruled Turkoman Kingdom of Qara Qoyunlu extending from the Georgian frontier to Basra, with Tabriz and Baghdad as its capitals. After the death of Qara Yusuf in December 1419, Shah Rukh tried to take Azerbaijan from Qara Yusuf's son Iskander. Despite defeating Iskander, twice in 1421 and 1429, only the third expedition of Shah Rukh in 1434 succeeded, when he entrusted the government to Iskander's own brother, Jahan Shah.
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