Pioneer Column - Occupation

Occupation

Scramble for Africa
  • Tunisia (1881)
  • Sudan (1881)
  • Egypt (1882)
  • Wassoulou (1883)
  • Eritrea (1887)
  • Dahomey (1890)
  • Mashonaland (1890)
  • Dahomey (1892)
  • Matabeleland (1893)
  • Wassoulou (1894)
  • Ashanti (1895)
  • Ethiopia (1895)
  • Matabeleland (1896)
  • Zanzibar (1896)
  • Benin (1897)
  • Wassoulou (1898)
  • Chad (1898)
  • Fashoda (1898)
  • South Africa (1899)
  • Namibia (1904)
  • Morocco (1905)
  • South Africa (1906)
  • Ouaddai (1909)
  • Morocco (1911)
  • Morocco (1911)
  • Tripolitania (1911)
  • South Africa (1914)

The route began at Macloutsie in Bechuanaland on 28 June 1890. On July 11, it crossed the river Tuli into Matabeleland. It proceeded north-east and then north over a distance of about 650 kilometres (400 mi) intending to terminate at an open area explored by Selous a few years earlier that he called Mount Hampden. However, the column halted about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) before that at a naturally flat and marshy meadow bounded by a steep rocky hill; (today's Harare Kopje) on 12 September (later celebrated as a Rhodesian public holiday). The British union flag was hoisted on the following day, 13 September.

Three towns were founded; the first in early August at the head of a gentle route that led up from the low altitude area known as the Lowveld (named Providential Pass), called Fort Victoria (renamed Masvingo in 1982); the second at Fort Charter on a plateau halfway to the terminus of the column at the originally named Fort Salisbury.

The Pioneer Corps was officially disbanded on 1 October 1890 and each member was granted land on which to farm.

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