Pidgeon is a surname from an archaic spelling of pigeon. Notable persons with the surname include:
- Caroline Pidgeon, Liberal Democrat politician in the United Kingdom and the leader of the Liberal Democrats in the London Assembly
- Emily Pidgeon (born 1989), English athlete
- Eugene Pidgeon, American dwarf actor/writer/activist
- George C. Pidgeon (1872–1971), Canadian religious minister
- Harry Pidgeon (1869–1954), American sailor, was the second solo person to circumnavigate the world by sailing ship or boat
- Jeff Pidgeon, American writer and actor
- John Pidgeon, Australian contractor and property developer
- Lloyd Montgomery Pidgeon (1903–1999), Canadian chemist who developed the Pidgeon process
- Rebecca Pidgeon (born 1965), Scottish actress and songwriter, and the wife of the playwright David Mamet
- Valmai Pidgeon, Australian philanthropist and construction contractor
- W. R. Pidgeon, English inventor and developer of the Pidgeon machine
- Walter Pidgeon (1897–1984), Canadian actor who became a citizen of the United States
- William Pidgeon (1909-1981), Australian painter
- William Pidgeon (archaeologist) (c. 1800 – c. 1880), American antiquarian and archaeologist