The Peace of Callias (Greek: Ειρήνη του Καλλία) is a purported treaty established around 449 BC between the Delian League (led by Athens) and Persia, ending the Persian Wars. The peace was agreed as the first compromise treaty between Achaemenid Persia and a Greek city.
The peace was negotiated by Callias, an Athenian politician. Persia had continually lost territory to the Greeks after the end of Xerxes I's invasion in 479 BC, and by 450 they were ready to make peace. The Peace of Callias gave autonomy to the Ionian states in Asia Minor, prohibited the establishment of Persian satrapies elsewhere on the Aegean coast, and prohibited Persian ships from the Aegean. Athens also agreed not to interfere with Persia's possessions in Asia Minor, Cyprus, Libya or Egypt (Athens had recently lost a fleet aiding an Egyptian revolt against Persia).
Read more about Peace Of Callias: Arguments For The Existence of A Peace Treaty, Further Reading
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“When they are preparing for war, those who rule by force speak most copiously about peace until they have completed the mobilization process.”
—Stefan Zweig (18811942)