Materials Used
Typically, materials used for pattern making are wood, metal or plastics. Wax and Plaster of Paris are also used, but only for specialized applications. Mahogany is the most commonly used material for patterns, primarily because it is soft, light, and easy to work. The downside is that it wears out fast, and is prone to moisture attack. Metal patterns are more long lasting, and do not succumb to moisture, but they are heavier and difficult to repair once damaged.
Wax patterns are used in a casting process called investment casting. The main advantage of wax patterns is that it can be reused multiple times. A combination of paraffin wax, bees wax and carnauba wax is used for this purpose.
Plaster of paris is usually used in making master dies and molds, as it gains hardness quickly, with a lot of flexibility when in the setting stage.
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