List of Anti-papal Appointments
| Secular power | Antipope | Pontificate | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constantius | Felix II | 355 to 358 | Opposed to Pope Liberius |
| Exarchate of Ravenna | Theodore | 687 | "While Pope Conon lay dying, the archdeacon Pascal offered the exarch a large sum to bring about his election as his successor. Through the exarch's influence the archdeacon was accordingly elected by a number of people; about the same time another faction elected the archpriest Theodore. The mass of clergy and people, however, set them both aside and chose Sergius, who was duly consecrated." |
| Godfrey III, Duke of Lower Lorraine | Clement III | 1080 to 1100 | Bishop of Ravenna at the time Rome was captured from the Countess Matilda of Tuscany |
| Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor | Gregory VIII | March 10, 1118 to April 22, 1121 | |
| Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor | Nicholas V | May 12, 1328 to July 25, 1330 | Opposed to Pope John XXII |
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