Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
There are many reactions in organic chemistry that involve this type of mechanism. Common examples include
- Organic reductions with hydrides, for example
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- R-X → R-H using LiAlH4 (SN2)
- hydrolysis reactions such as
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- R-Br + OH− → R-OH + Br− (SN2) or
- R-Br + H2O → R-OH + HBr (SN1)
- Williamson ether synthesis
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- R-Br + OR'− → R-OR' + Br− (SN2)
- The Wenker synthesis, a ring-closing reaction of aminoalcohols.
- The Finkelstein reaction, a halide exchange reaction. Phosphorus nucleophiles appear in the Perkow reaction and the Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction.
- The Kolbe nitrile synthesis, the reaction of alkyl halides with cyanides.
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