History
In 1938, due to the Japanese invasion in the northwestern China, many institutes were relocated to Shaanxi. Among them, the National Beiyang Engineering Institute, the Engineering School of Beiping University, the Engineering School of the National Northeastern University, and the (private) Jiaozuo Engineering Institute were combined and formed the former National Northwestern Engineering Institute in Hanzhong, Shaanxi, which is a city surrounded by mountain range. After the Second World War, the National Northwestern Engineering Institute, which is one of the three predecessors of the later Northwestern Polytechnical University, was moved out of the mountains into the city of Xianyang in 1946. After the People's Republic of China founded, the National Northwestern Engineering Institute was renamed as the Northwestern Engineering Institute (because all the institute had became state-owned) in 1950.
In 1952, due to the need of concentrated aeronautics research, the departments of aeronautical engineering of the former National Central University (later known as the Nanjing University), Jiaotong University and Zhejiang University are relocated to Nanjing and established the Eastern China Aeronautics Institute. This institute was relocated to Xi'an and renamed as the Xi'an Aeronautics Institute, which is the second predecessor of the later Northwestern Polytechnical University, in 1956.
In 1957, the Northwestern Engineering Institute and the Xi'an Aeronautics Institute were merged to form the Northwestern Polytechnical University, which concentrated its research in defense research in aeronautics, astronautics and marine engineering.
In 1970， due to the deteriorating relation with former USSR, the People's Liberation Army Military Engineering Institute, which was located in Harbin, were dissembled. Many of its departments were relocated from the city near China-Soviet border, among which, its Department of Aeronautical Engineering (the last predecessor of NWPU) is moved to Xi'an and merged into the Northwestern Polytechnical University.
Read more about this topic: Northwestern Polytechnical University
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