Nemesius (c. AD 390), was a Christian philosopher, and the author of a treatise De Natura Hominis ("On Human Nature"). According to the title of his book, he was the Bishop of Emesa (in Syria). His book is an attempt to compile a system of anthropology from the standpoint of Christian philosophy.
Nemesius was also a physiological theorist. He based much of his writing on previous work of Aristotle and Galen, and it has been speculated that he anticipated William Harvey's discovery of the circulation of blood. Other views included a five-theory hierarchy of Divine Providence. These theories are developed from an earlier Platonic theory.
Nemesius was one of the earliest advocates of the idea that different cavities of the brain were responsible for different functions. His Doctrine of Ventricle localisation of Mental Functioning is a reconciliation of Platonic doctrines on the soul with Christian philosophy and also emphasized Greek scientific interpretation and knowledge of the human body. This doctrine was attributed to Gregory of Nyssa, and was not recognized as the work of Nemesius until the 7th century.
Read more about Nemesius: Biography, Writings, Impact and Contributions, Doctrine of Ventricle Localisation, Editions of Nemesius's De Natura Hominis, Saint Nemesius