Maskelyne is the surname of several people:
- Nevil Maskelyne (1732–1811), the fifth British Astronomer Royal
- Mervyn Herbert Nevil Story-Maskelyne (1823 – 1911)
- Nevill Maskelyne Smyth, served in the First World War 1914–18.
- The Maskelyne family of magicians:
- John Nevil Maskelyne (1829–1917), a British stage magician of the 19th century
- Nevil Maskelyne (magician) (1863–1924), son of John Nevil
- Jasper Maskelyne (1902–1973), a British stage magician in the 1930s and 1940s, son of Nevil
- Others
- Maskelyne, a solitary lunar crater
- Maskelynes Islands, in Vanuatu and the
- Maskelynes language
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