Europe
- Abkhazia - Mikheil, Prince of Abkhazia (1822–1864)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Léopold I, King of the Belgians (1831–1865)
- Cabinet Chief -
- Pieter Dedecker, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1855–1857)
- Charles Rogier, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1847–1852, 1857–1868)
- Denmark -
- Monarch - Frederick VII, King of Denmark (1848–1863)
- Prime Minister -
- Carl Christofer Georg Andrae, Prime Minister of Denmark (1856–1857)
- Carl Christian Hall, Prime Minister of Denmark (1857–1859)
- France - Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852–1870)
- German Confederation - Franz Joseph of Austria, President of the German Confederation (1850–1866)
- Austria - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria (1848–1916)
- Bavaria - Maximilian II, King of Bavaria (1848–1864)
- Bremen - Johann Smidt, president of the senate, Burgomaster in chief of Bremen (1850, 1853, 1855 and 1857)
- Hanover - George, King of Hanover (1851–1866)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister - Mathias Simons, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1853–1860)
- Prussia -
- Monarch - Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia (1840–1861)
- Prime Minister - Otto von Manteuffel, Minister-President of Prussia (1850–1858)
- Saxony - Johann, King of Saxony (1854–1873)
- Württemberg - William, King of Württemberg (1816–1864)
- Greece -
- Monarch - Otto, King of Greece (1832–1862)
- Prime Minister -
- Dimitrios Voulgaris, Prime Minister of Greece (1855–1857)
- Athanasios Miaoulis, Prime Minister of Greece (1857–1862)
- Hungary - Franz Joseph I of Austria, King of Hungary (1848–1916)
- Netherlands
- Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister - Justinus van der Brugghen, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1856–1858)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Monarch - Abd-ul-Mejid I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1839–1861)
- Grand Vizier -
- Mustafa Resid Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1856–1857)
- Mustafa Naili Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1857)
- Mustafa Resid Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1857–1858)
- Portugal - Pedro V, King of Portugal (1853–1861)
- Russia - Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (1855–1881)
- Sardinia-Piedmont - Victor Emmanuel II, King of Sardinia-Piedmont (1849–1878*) *King of Italy beginning in 1861
- Prime Minister - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour, Prime Minister of Sardinia-Piedmont (1852–1861)
- Savoy
- Spain - Isabella II, Queen of Spain (September 29, 1833–1868)
- Sweden - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Oscar I, King of Sweden (1844–1859)
- Tuscany - Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1824–1859)
- Two Sicilies - Ferdinand II, King of the Two Sicilies (1830–1859)
- United Kingdom -
- Monarch - Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837–1901)
- Prime Minister - Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1855–1858)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1857
Famous quotes containing the word europe:
“I believe that the fundamental proposition is that we must recognize that the hostilities in Europe, in Africa, and in Asia are all parts of a single world conflict. We must, consequently, recognize that our interests are menaced both in Europe and in the Far East.”
—Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945)
“Should the German people lay down their arms, the Soviets ... would occupy all eastern and south-eastern Europe together with the greater part of the Reich. Over all this territory, which with the Soviet Union included, would be of enormous extent, an iron curtain would at once descend.”
—Joseph Goebbels (1897–1945)
“In times like ours, where the growing complexity of life leaves us barely the time to read the newspapers, where the map of Europe has endured profound rearrangements and is perhaps on the brink of enduring yet others, where so many threatening and new problems appear everywhere, you will admit it may be demanded of a writer that he be more than a fine wit who makes us forget in idle and byzantine discussions on the merits of pure form ...”
—Marcel Proust (1871–1922)